证明:tr(AB)=tr(BA)\operatorname{tr}(AB)=\operatorname{tr}(BA)tr(AB)=tr(BA) 交换律 专题 General / 综合 难度 L4 来源 QuantQuestion 题目详情 Let AAA and BBB be square matrices of the same size. Show that the traces of the matrices ABABAB and BABABA are equal. 解析 按定义 tr(AB)=∑i(AB)ii=∑i∑jAijBji.\operatorname{tr}(AB)=\sum_i (AB)_{ii}=\sum_i\sum_j A_{ij}B_{ji}.tr(AB)=i∑(AB)ii=i∑j∑AijBji. 交换求和顺序: ∑i∑jAijBji=∑j∑iBjiAij=∑j(BA)jj=tr(BA).\sum_i\sum_j A_{ij}B_{ji}=\sum_j\sum_i B_{ji}A_{ij}=\sum_j(BA)_{jj}=\operatorname{tr}(BA).i∑j∑AijBji=j∑i∑BjiAij=j∑(BA)jj=tr(BA). 故 tr(AB)=tr(BA)\boxed{\operatorname{tr}(AB)=\operatorname{tr}(BA)}tr(AB)=tr(BA)。