递增均匀链 II
Increasing Uniform Chain II
题目详情
设 独立同分布。
令 为首次出现
的下标 。
求 。已知答案可写为 ( 为整数, 为自然常数)。求 。
英文原题
Let IID. Let be the first index where . Find . The answer will be in the form for integers and . Note here that is Euler's constant. Find .
解析
事件 表示前 项每一项都是当前最大值,即
对连续 iid 样本,前 项的相对次序等可能,因此严格递增的概率为 。于是对 有 ,且显然 。
用尾和公式:
所以 ,。
英文解析
Event indicates that each of the first items is the current maximum, i.e.
For consecutive iid samples, the relative order of the first term is possible, so the strictly increasing probability is . So there was for , and apparently .
With Tail Sum Formula:
So , .