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单掷还是双掷

Solo or Pair

专题
Probability / 概率
难度
L4

题目详情

你可以在两个掷骰游戏中选择一个。哪个游戏获胜概率更大?若第一个更大输出 1,第二个更大输出 2,相等输出 3。

游戏 1: 掷一枚公平六面骰 4 次,要求至少出现一次 6。

游戏 2: 掷一对公平六面骰 24 次,要求至少出现一次双 6(66)。

You are given the option between two games involving fair standard 66-sided dice. Which one gives you a higher probability of winning? Answer 11 for the first game, 22 for the second game, or 33 if both give you equal probability of winning.

Game 1: You are given 44 rolls of a single die and you must roll 66 at least once.

Game 2: You are given 2424 rolls of a pair of dice and you must roll 6666 at least once.

解析

游戏 1:获胜概率

1(56)40.5177.1-\left(\frac{5}{6}\right)^4\approx 0.5177.

游戏 2:单次出 66 的概率为 1/361/36,获胜概率

1(3536)240.4866.1-\left(\frac{35}{36}\right)^{24}\approx 0.4866.

因此游戏 1 胜率更高,输出 1\boxed{1}