差 2 也算赢 I
2 Below I
题目详情
你和朋友各自选择 1 到 100 的一个整数。赢家从输家那里赢 1 美元。
- 若你选的数严格更大,你赢。
- 若相等,没人赢。
- 但如果你选的数恰好比对方小 2,你也算赢(例如你选 80,对方选 82,则你赢)。
双方都最优博弈时,最优策略是混合策略:从某个分布抽取随机变量 作为选择。
求 。
You and friend play a game where you both select an integer . The winner receives 1 dollar from the loser. The winner is the player who selects the strictly higher number. If there is a tie, then nothing happens. However, a player can also win by selecting a value exactly below the larger integer. For example, if you select and your friend selects , you are the winner in this case. Assume both you and your friend play optimally. The optimal strategy here is a mixed strategy, where you select a random value from some appropriately determined distribution. Find .
解析
注意到任何 都被 严格支配: 至少能赢与 相同的情形,并且还能额外赢过对方选 的情形。
因此均衡的支持集只可能落在 。
在该 3 点支持集上,为避免被对手针对,必须使对手在这 3 点上的期望收益相同,从而得到唯一对称均衡为均匀分布:
于是
所以 。