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求方程 x6=64x^6=64 的全部根

Find all of the roots to the equation x6=64x^{6} = 64

专题
General / 综合
难度
L4

题目详情

求方程 x6=64x^{6}=64 的全部根(包含复根)。

Find all of the roots to the equation x6=64x^{6} = 64 (including the complex roots).

解析

写成复数形式:

64=26ei2πm,mZ.64=2^6\,e^{i2\pi m},\quad m\in\mathbb{Z}.

取六次方根得

x=2ei2πm6=2eimπ3,m=0,1,2,3,4,5.x=2\,e^{i\frac{2\pi m}{6}}=2e^{i\frac{m\pi}{3}},\quad m=0,1,2,3,4,5.

所以六个根为

2, 1+i3, 1+i3, 2, 1i3, 1i3.\boxed{2,\ 1+i\sqrt3,\ -1+i\sqrt3,\ -2,\ -1-i\sqrt3,\ 1-i\sqrt3}.