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N(d1)N(d_1)N(d2)N(d_2) 的含义

Explain very carefully

专题
Finance / 金融
难度
L4

题目详情

Explain very carefully the terms N(d1)N(d_{1}) and N(d2)N(d_{2}) that appear in the standard Black- Scholes European call option pricing formula without dividends. 14

解析

无分红欧式 call 的 Black–Scholes 公式:

C=S0N(d1)KerTN(d2).C=S_0N(d_1)-Ke^{-rT}N(d_2).
  • N(d2)=Q(ST>K)\boxed{N(d_2)=\mathbb{Q}(S_T>K)}:风险中性测度下“到期实值”的概率。
  • N(d1)\boxed{N(d_1)}:不是简单概率;它等于 call 的 delta(无分红时),也可解释为以股票为计价资产(stock numeraire)的测度下 ST>KS_T>K 的概率:
N(d1)=QS(ST>K).N(d_1)=\mathbb{Q}^{S}(S_T>K).