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积分方差 II

Integral Variance II

专题
Finance / 金融
难度
L4

题目详情

设 WtW_t 为标准布朗运动。计算

Var⁡(∫0tWs dWs).\operatorname{Var}\left(\int_0^t W_s\,dW_s\right).

已知答案形如 kt2kt^2,求常数 kk。

英文原题

Let WtW_t be a standard Brownian Motion. Compute Var(∫0tWsdWs)Var\left(\int_0^t W_s dW_s\right). The answer is in the form kt2kt^2 for a constant kk. Find kk.

解析

由伊藤积分等距(Itô isometry):

E[(∫0tWs dWs)2]=E[∫0tWs2 ds]=∫0tE[Ws2] ds.\mathbb{E}\left[\left(\int_0^t W_s\,dW_s\right)^2\right]=\mathbb{E}\left[\int_0^t W_s^2\,ds\right]=\int_0^t \mathbb{E}[W_s^2]\,ds.

而 E[Ws2]=s\mathbb{E}[W_s^2]=s,所以

E[(∫0tWs dWs)2]=∫0ts ds=t22.\mathbb{E}\left[\left(\int_0^t W_s\,dW_s\right)^2\right]=\int_0^t s\,ds=\frac{t^2}{2}.

又因为该积分均值为 0,故方差即上式:

Var⁡(∫0tWs dWs)=t22.\operatorname{Var}\left(\int_0^t W_s\,dW_s\right)=\frac{t^2}{2}.

因此 k=12k=\boxed{\frac{1}{2}}。


英文解析

By Itô isometry:

E[(∫0tWs dWs)2]=E[∫0tWs2 ds]=∫0tE[Ws2] ds.\mathbb{E}\left[\left(\int_0^t W_s\,dW_s\right)^2\right]=\mathbb{E}\left[\int_0^t W_s^2\,ds\right]=\int_0^t \mathbb{E}[W_s^2]\,ds.

And E[Ws2]=s\mathbb{E}[W_s^2]=s, so

E[(∫0tWs dWs)2]=∫0ts ds=t22.\mathbb{E}\left[\left(\int_0^t W_s\,dW_s\right)^2\right]=\int_0^t s\,ds=\frac{t^2}{2}.

And because the average of the points is 0, the variance is the above equation:

Var⁡(∫0tWs dWs)=t22.\operatorname{Var}\left(\int_0^t W_s\,dW_s\right)=\frac{t^2}{2}.

So k=12k=\boxed{\frac{1}{2}}.