掷骰继续/停止:总收益期望
Dice Game
题目详情
你反复掷一枚公平六面骰。每次掷出的点数会立刻支付给你。
- 如果掷出 4、5、6,则继续掷;
- 如果掷出 1、2、3,则游戏结束。
问:总收益的期望是多少?
You roll a fair six-sided die. Each roll’s face value is paid to you. If the outcome is 4, 5, or 6, you roll again; if it is 1, 2, or 3, the game ends. What is the expected total payoff?
解析
每次掷骰有 概率结束,有 概率继续,因此掷骰次数 服从参数 的几何分布,。
单次点数期望为 。
用 Wald 等式:
Original Explanation
Each roll has a chance to end the game and a chance to continue, so the number of rolls is geometrically distributed with , hence . The expected face value of a single roll is . By Wald’s equation,