HMMT 二月 2008 · 冲刺赛 · 第 36 题

HMMT February 2008 — Guts Round — Problem 36

The History Channel. Below is a list of famous mathematicians. Your task is to list a subset of them in the chronological order of their birth dates. Your submission should be a sequence of letters. If your sequence is not in the correct order, then you get 0 points. Otherwise your score will be min { max { 5( N − 4) , 0 } , 25 } , where N is the number of letters in your sequence. (A) Niels Abel (B) Arthur Cayley (C) Augustus De Morgan (D) Gustav Dirichlet (E) Leonhard Euler ´ (F) Joseph Fourier (G) Evariste Galois (H) Carl Friedrich Gauss (I) Marie-Sophie Germain (J) Joseph Louis Lagrange (K) Pierre-Simon Laplace (L) Henri Poincar´ e (N) Bernhard Riemann . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

解析

The History Channel. Below is a list of famous mathematicians. Your task is to list a subset of them in the chronological order of their birth dates. Your submission should be a sequence of letters. If your sequence is not in the correct order, then you get 0 points. Otherwise your score will be min { max { 5( N − 4) , 0 } , 25 } , where N is the number of letters in your sequence. (A) Niels Abel (B) Arthur Cayley (C) Augustus De Morgan (D) Gustav Dirichlet (E) Leonhard Euler ´ (F) Joseph Fourier (G) Evariste Galois (H) Carl Friedrich Gauss (I) Marie-Sophie Germain (J) Joseph Louis Lagrange (K) Pierre-Simon Laplace (L) Henri Poincar´ e (N) Bernhard Riemann Answer: any subsequence of EJKFIHADCGBNL The corresponding birth dates are listed below: (A) Niels Abel (1802–1829) 10 (B) Arthur Cayley (1821–1895) (C) Augustus De Morgan (1806–1871) (D) Gustav Dirichlet (1805–1859) (E) Leonhard Euler (1707–1783) (F) Joseph Fourier (1768–1830) ´ (G) Evariste Galois (1811–1832) (H) Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) (I) Marie-Sophie Germain (1776–1831) (J) Joseph Louis Lagrange (1736–1813) (K) Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749–1827) (L) Henri Poincar´ e (1854–1912) (N) Bernhard Riemann (1826–1866) 11