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AIME 2018 II · 第 12 题

AIME 2018 II — Problem 12

专题
Contest Math
难度
L4
来源
AIME

题目详情

Problem

Let ABCDABCD be a convex quadrilateral with AB=CD=10AB = CD = 10, BC=14BC = 14, and AD=265AD = 2\sqrt{65}. Assume that the diagonals of ABCDABCD intersect at point PP, and that the sum of the areas of triangles APBAPB and CPDCPD equals the sum of the areas of triangles BPCBPC and APDAPD. Find the area of quadrilateral ABCDABCD.

Diagram

Let AP=xAP=x and let PC=ρxPC=\rho x. Let [ABP]=Δ[ABP]=\Delta and let [ADP]=Λ[ADP]=\Lambda.

AIME diagram

解析

Solution 1

Let AP=xAP=x and let PC=ρxPC=\rho x. Let [ABP]=Δ[ABP]=\Delta and let [ADP]=Λ[ADP]=\Lambda. We easily get [PBC]=ρΔ[PBC]=\rho \Delta and [PCD]=ρΛ[PCD]=\rho\Lambda.

We are given that [ABP]+[PCD]=[PBC]+[ADP][ABP] +[PCD] = [PBC]+[ADP], which we can now write as

Δ+ρΛ=ρΔ+ΛΔΛ=ρ(ΔΛ).\Delta + \rho\Lambda = \rho\Delta + \Lambda \qquad \Longrightarrow \qquad \Delta -\Lambda = \rho (\Delta -\Lambda). Either Δ=Λ\Delta = \Lambda or ρ=1\rho=1. The former would imply that ABCDABCD is a parallelogram, which it isn't; therefore we conclude ρ=1\rho=1 and PP is the midpoint of ACAC. Let BAD=θ\angle BAD = \theta and BCD=ϕ\angle BCD = \phi. Then [ABCD]=2[BCD]=140sinϕ[ABCD]=2\cdot [BCD]=140\sin\phi. On one hand, since [ABD]=[BCD][ABD]=[BCD], we have

65sinθ=7sinϕ    16+49cos2ϕ=65cos2θ\begin{aligned}\sqrt{65}\sin\theta = 7\sin\phi \quad \implies \quad 16+49\cos^2\phi = 65\cos^2\theta\end{aligned} whereas, on the other hand, using cosine formula to get the length of BDBD, we get

102+4654065cosθ=102+142280cosϕ10^2+4\cdot 65 - 40\sqrt{65}\cos\theta = 10^2+14^2-280\cos\phi     65cos2θ=(7cosϕ+85)2(2)\begin{aligned}\tag{2}\implies \qquad 65\cos^2\theta = \left(7\cos\phi+ \frac{8}{5}\right)^2\end{aligned} Eliminating cosθ\cos\theta in the above two equations and solving for cosϕ\cos\phi we get

cosϕ=35    sinϕ=45\cos\phi = \frac{3}{5}\qquad \implies \qquad \sin\phi = \frac{4}{5} which finally yields [ABCD]=2[BCD]=140sinϕ=112[ABCD]=2\cdot [BCD] = 140\sin\phi = 112.

Solution 2

For reference, 265162\sqrt{65} \approx 16, so AD\overline{AD} is the longest of the four sides of ABCDABCD. Let h1h_1 be the length of the altitude from BB to AC\overline{AC}, and let h2h_2 be the length of the altitude from DD to AC\overline{AC}. Then, the triangle area equation becomes

h12AP+h22CP=h12CP+h22AP(h1h2)AP=(h1h2)CPAP=CP\frac{h_1}{2}AP + \frac{h_2}{2}CP = \frac{h_1}{2}CP + \frac{h_2}{2}AP \rightarrow \left(h_1 - h_2\right)AP = \left(h_1 - h_2\right)CP \rightarrow AP = CP What an important finding! Note that the opposite sides AB\overline{AB} and CD\overline{CD} have equal length, and note that diagonal DB\overline{DB} bisects diagonal AC\overline{AC}. This is very similar to what happens if ABCDABCD were a parallelogram with AB=CD=10AB = CD = 10, so let's extend DB\overline{DB} to point EE, such that AECDAECD is a parallelogram. In other words,

AE=CD=10AE = CD = 10 and

EC=DA=265EC = DA = 2\sqrt{65} Now, let's examine ABE\triangle ABE. Since AB=AE=10AB = AE = 10, the triangle is isosceles, and ABEAEB\angle ABE \cong \angle AEB. Note that in parallelogram AECDAECD, AED\angle AED and CDE\angle CDE are congruent, so ABECDE\angle ABE \cong \angle CDE and thus

mABD=180mCDB\text{m}\angle ABD = 180^\circ - \text{m}\angle CDB Define α:=mCDB\alpha := \text{m}\angle CDB, so 180α=mABD180^\circ - \alpha = \text{m}\angle ABD.

We use the Law of Cosines on DAB\triangle DAB and CDB\triangle CDB:

(265)2=102+BD220BDcos(180α)=100+BD2+20BDcosα\left(2\sqrt{65}\right)^2 = 10^2 + BD^2 - 20BD\cos\left(180^\circ - \alpha\right) = 100 + BD^2 + 20BD\cos\alpha 142=102+BD220BDcosα14^2 = 10^2 + BD^2 - 20BD\cos\alpha Subtracting the second equation from the first yields

260196=40BDcosαBDcosα=85260 - 196 = 40BD\cos\alpha \rightarrow BD\cos\alpha = \frac{8}{5} This means that dropping an altitude from BB to some foot QQ on CD\overline{CD} gives DQ=85DQ = \frac{8}{5} and therefore CQ=425CQ = \frac{42}{5}. Seeing that CQ=35BCCQ = \frac{3}{5}\cdot BC, we conclude that QCB\triangle QCB is a 3-4-5 right triangle, so BQ=565BQ = \frac{56}{5}. Then, the area of BCD\triangle BCD is 1210565=56\frac{1}{2}\cdot 10 \cdot \frac{56}{5} = 56. Since AP=CPAP = CP, points AA and CC are equidistant from BD\overline{BD}, so

[ABD]=[CBD]=56\left[\triangle ABD\right] = \left[\triangle CBD\right] = 56 and hence

[ABCD]=56+56=112\left[ABCD\right] = 56 + 56 = \boxed{112} -kgator

Just to be complete -- h1h_1 and h2h_2 can actually be equal. In this case, APCPAP \neq CP, but BPBP must be equal to DPDP. We get the same result. -Mathdummy.

Solution 3 (Another way to get the middle point)

So, let the area of 44 triangles ABP=S1\triangle {ABP}=S_{1}, BCP=S2\triangle {BCP}=S_{2}, CDP=S3\triangle {CDP}=S_{3}, DAP=S4\triangle {DAP}=S_{4}. Suppose S1>S3S_{1}>S_{3} and S2>S4S_{2}>S_{4}, then it is easy to show that

S1S3=S2S4.S_{1}\cdot S_{3}=S_{2}\cdot S_{4}. Also, because

S1+S3=S2+S4,S_{1}+S_{3}=S_{2}+S_{4}, we will have

(S1+S3)2=(S2+S4)2.(S_{1}+S_{3})^2=(S_{2}+S_{4})^2. So

(S1+S3)2=S12+S32+2S1S3=(S2+S4)2=S22+S42+2S2S4.(S_{1}+S_{3})^2=S_{1}^2+S_{3}^2+2\cdot S_{1}\cdot S_{3}=(S_{2}+S_{4})^2=S_{2}^2+S_{4}^2+2\cdot S_{2}\cdot S_{4}. So

S12+S32=S22+S42.S_{1}^2+S_{3}^2=S_{2}^2+S_{4}^2. So

S12+S322S1S3=S22+S422S2S4.S_{1}^2+S_{3}^2-2\cdot S_{1}\cdot S_{3}=S_{2}^2+S_{4}^2-2\cdot S_{2}\cdot S_{4}. So

(S1S3)2=(S2S4)2.(S_{1}-S_{3})^2=(S_{2}-S_{4})^2. As a result,

S1S3=S2S4.S_{1}-S_{3}=S_{2}-S_{4}. Then, we have

S1+S4=S2+S3.S_{1}+S_{4}=S_{2}+S_{3}. Combine the condition

S1+S3=S2+S4,S_{1}+S_{3}=S_{2}+S_{4}, we can find out that

S3=S4,S_{3}=S_{4}, so PP is the midpoint of AC\overline {AC}

~Solution by BladeRunnerAUGBladeRunnerAUG (Frank FYC)

Solution 4 (With yet another way to get the middle point)

Denote APB\angle APB by α\alpha. Then sin(APB)=sinα=sin(APD)\sin(\angle APB)=\sin \alpha = \sin(\angle APD). Using the formula for the area of a triangle, we get

12(APBP+CPDP)sinα=12(APDP+CPBP)sinα,\frac{1}{2} (AP\cdot BP+ CP\cdot DP)\sin\alpha=\frac{1}{2}(AP\cdot DP+ CP\cdot BP)\sin\alpha , so

(APCP)(BPDP)=0(AP-CP)(BP-DP)=0 Hence AP=CPAP=CP (note that BP=DPBP=DP makes no difference here). Now, assume that AP=CP=xAP=CP=x, BP=yBP=y, and DP=zDP=z. Using the cosine rule for APB\triangle APB and BPC\triangle BPC, it is clear that

x2+y2100=2xycosAPB=(2xycos(πCPB))=(x2+y2196)x^2+y^2-100=2 xy \cdot \cos{APB}=-(2 xy \cdot \cos{(\pi-CPB)})=-(x^2+y^2-196) or

x2+y2=148.\begin{aligned}x^2+y^2=148\end{aligned}. Likewise, using the cosine rule for triangles APDAPD and CPDCPD,

x2+z2=180.(2)\begin{aligned}\tag{2}x^2+z^2=180\end{aligned}. It follows that

z2y2=32.(3)\begin{aligned}\tag{3}z^2-y^2=32\end{aligned}. Since sinα=1cos2α\sin\alpha=\sqrt{1-\cos^2\alpha},

1(x2+y2100)24x2y2=1(x2+z2260)24x2z2\sqrt{1-\frac{(x^2+y^2-100)^2}{4x^2y^2}}=\sqrt{1-\frac{(x^2+z^2-260)^2}{4x^2z^2}} which simplifies to

482y2=802z25y=3z.\frac{48^2}{y^2}=\frac{80^2}{z^2} \qquad \Longrightarrow \qquad 5y=3z. Plugging this back to equations (1)(1), (2)(2), and (3)(3), it can be solved that x=130,y=32,z=52x=\sqrt{130},y=3\sqrt{2},z=5\sqrt{2}. Then, the area of the quadrilateral is

x(y+z)sinα=1308214260=112x(y+z)\sin\alpha=\sqrt{130}\cdot8\sqrt{2}\cdot\frac{14}{\sqrt{260}}=\boxed{112} --Solution by MicGu

Solution 5

As in all other solutions, we can first find that either AP=CPAP=CP or BP=DPBP=DP, but it's an AIME problem, we can take AP=CPAP=CP, and assume the other choice will lead to the same result (which is true).

From AP=CPAP=CP, we have [DAP]=[DCP][DAP]=[DCP], and [BAP]=[BCP]    [ABD]=[CBD][BAP]=[BCP] \implies [ABD] = [CBD], therefore,

12ABADsinA=12BCCDsinC7sinC=65sinA\begin{aligned} \nonumber \frac 12 \cdot AB\cdot AD\sin A &= \frac 12 \cdot BC\cdot CD\sin C \\ \Longrightarrow \hspace{1in} 7\sin C &= \sqrt{65}\sin A \end{aligned} By Law of Cosines,

102+14221014cosC=102+465210265cosA857cosC=65cosA(2)\begin{aligned} \nonumber 10^2+14^2-2\cdot 10\cdot 14\cos C &= 10^2+4\cdot 65-2\cdot 10\cdot 2\sqrt{65}\cos A \\ \Longrightarrow \hspace{1in} -\frac 85 - 7\cos C &= \sqrt{65}\cos A \tag{2} \end{aligned} Square (1)(1) and (2)(2), and add them, to get

(85)2+2857cosC+72=65\left(\frac 85\right)^2 + 2\cdot \frac 85 \cdot 7\cos C + 7^2 = 65 Solve, cosC=3/5    sinC=4/5\cos C = 3/5 \implies \sin C = 4/5,

[ABCD]=2[BCD]=BCCDsinC=141045=112[ABCD] = 2[BCD] = BC\cdot CD\cdot \sin C = 14\cdot 10\cdot \frac 45 = \boxed{112} -Mathdummy

Solution 6

Either PA=PCPA=PC or PD=PBPD=PB. Let PD=PB=sPD=PB=s. Applying Stewart's Theorem on ABD\triangle ABD and BCD\triangle BCD, dividing by 2s2s and rearranging,

CP2+s2=148(1)\tag{1}CP^2+s^2=148 AP2+s2=180(2)\tag{2}AP^2+s^2=180 Applying Stewart on CAB\triangle CAB and CAD\triangle CAD,

5CP2=3AP2(3)\tag{3} 5CP^2=3AP^2 Substituting equations 1 and 2 into 3 and rearranging, s=BP=PD130,CP=32,PA=52s=BP=PD\sqrt{130}, CP=3\sqrt{2}, PA=5\sqrt{2} . By Law of Cosines on APB\triangle APB, cos(APB)=46565\cos(\angle APB)=\frac{4\sqrt{65}}{65} so sin(APB)=sin(BPC)=sin(CPD)=sin(DPA)=76565\sin(\angle APB)=\sin(\angle BPC)=\sin(\angle CPD)=\sin(\angle DPA)=\frac{7\sqrt{65}}{65}. Using [ABC]=absin(C)2[\triangle ABC]=\frac{ab\sin(\angle C)}{2} to find unknown areas, [ABCD]=[APB]+[BPC]+[CPD]+[DPA]=112[ABCD]=[\triangle APB]+[\triangle BPC]+[\triangle CPD]+[\triangle DPA]=\boxed{112}.

-Solution by Garrett

Solution 7

Now we prove P is the midpoint of BDBD. Denote the height from BB to ACAC as h1h_1, height from DD to ACAC as h2h_2.According to the problem, APh1+CPh2=CPh1+APh2AP* h_1 +CP* h_2 =CP* h_1 +AP* h_2 implies h1(APCP)=h2(APCP),h1=h2h_1 (AP-CP)= h_2 (AP-CP), h_1 = h_2. Then according to basic congruent triangles we get BP=DPBP=DP Firstly, denote that CP=a,BP=b,CP=c,AP=dCP=a,BP=b,CP=c,AP=d. Applying Stewart theorem, getting that 100c+196b=(b+c)(bc+a2);100b+260c=(b+c)(bc+c2);100c+196b=100b+260c,3b=5c100c+196b=(b+c)(bc+a^2); 100b+260c=(b+c)(bc+c^2); 100c+196b=100b+260c, 3b=5c, denote b=5x,c=3xb=5x,c=3x Applying Stewart Theorem, getting 260a+100a=2a(a2+25x2);196a+100a=2a(9x2+a2)260a+100a=2a(a^2+25x^2); 196a+100a=2a(9x^2+a^2) solve for a, getting a=130,AP=52;CP=32a=\sqrt{130},AP=5\sqrt{2}; CP=3\sqrt{2} Now everything is clear, we can find cosBPA=465cos\angle{BPA}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{65}} using LOC, sinBPA=76565sin\angle{BPA}=\frac{7\sqrt{65}}{65}, the whole area is 1308276565=112\sqrt{130}*8\sqrt{2}*\frac{7\sqrt{65}}{65}=\boxed{112}

~bluesoul

Solution 8 (Simple Geometry)

AIME diagram

BP=PDBP = PD as in another solutions.

Let DD' be the reflection of DD across CC. Let points E,E,E, E', and HH be the foot of perpendiculars on ACAC from D,DD,D', and BB respectively.

AB=CD=CD,andBH=DE=DEABH=CDE=CDEBAC=ACDABC=ADCBC=AD.\begin{aligned} &\qquad AB = CD = CD', \quad \textrm{and} \quad BH = DE = D'E' \\ \Rightarrow &\qquad \triangle ABH = \triangle CDE = \triangle CD'E' \\ \Rightarrow &\qquad \angle BAC = \angle ACD' \\ \Rightarrow &\qquad \triangle ABC = \triangle AD'C \\ \Rightarrow &\qquad BC = AD'. \end{aligned} The area of quadrilateral ABCDABCD is equal to the area of triangle ADDADD' with sides AD=14,AD=265,DD=210=20AD' = 14, AD = 2\sqrt{65}, DD' = 2 \cdot 10 = 20. The semiperimeter is s=17+65,s = 17 + \sqrt{65}, the area

[ADD]=(17+65)(1765)(3+65)(653)=(28965)(659)=56456=112.[ADD'] = \sqrt {(17 + \sqrt{65}) (17 - \sqrt{65})(3 + \sqrt{65})(\sqrt{65}-3)} = \sqrt{(289 – 65)\cdot(65-9)} =\sqrt{56 \cdot 4 \cdot 56} = \boxed{112}. vladimir.shelomovskii@gmail.com, vvsss

Solution 9 (Mindless Law of Cosines Bash)

Use your favorite method to get that PP is the midpoint of one of the two diagonals (suppose it's the midpoint of AC\overline{AC}). From here, let x=AP=PC,y=BP,z=PD,a=cosθx=AP=PC, y=BP, z=PD, a=\cos\theta where θ\theta is the angle that the diagonals make. Then we have a system of four equations:

x2+y2+2xya=100z2+x2+2xza=100x2+y22xya=196x2+z22xza=260\begin{aligned} x^2+y^2+2xya &= 100 \\ z^2+x^2+2xza &= 100 \\ x^2+y^2-2xya &= 196 \\ x^2+z^2-2xza &= 260 \\ \end{aligned} From these equations we get that

xya=24xza=40x2+y248=10x2+z280=10\begin{aligned} xya &= -24 \\ xza &= -40 \\ x^2+y^2-48 &= 10 \\ x^2+z^2-80 &= 10 \end{aligned} From here we can see that zy=53,z2y2=32,\frac{z}{y}=\frac{5}{3}, z^2-y^2=32, so z=52,y=32.z=5\sqrt{2}, y=3\sqrt{2}. Furthermore, this implies x=130x=\sqrt{130} and xa=42,xa=-4\sqrt{2}, which implies a=cosθ=465.a=\cos\theta=\frac{4}{\sqrt{65}}. Then note that the area of the quadrilateral is

12sinθ(xy+xz+xz+xy)=sinθ(13032+13052)=7(32+52)=7(6+10)=716=112.\frac{1}{2}\sin\theta (xy+xz+xz+xy)=\sin\theta (\sqrt{130}\cdot 3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{130} \cdot 5\sqrt{2})=7\cdot (3\cdot 2+5\cdot 2)=7(6+10)=7\cdot 16=\boxed{112}. ~Dhillonr25

Solution 10

Note that APB=CPD=180APD=180BPC.\angle APB = \angle CPD = 180-\angle APD = 180-\angle BPC.(All angles are in degrees) Since sin(θ)=sin(180θ),\sin(\theta)=\sin(180-\theta), we can use sine area formula to get the following(after some simplifying steps):

BP×AP+CP×DP=BP×PC+AP×PD.\begin{aligned} BP \times AP + CP \times DP = BP \times PC + AP \times PD. \end{aligned} For convenience, let AP=a,BP=b,CP=c,DP=d.AP=a, BP=b, CP=c,DP=d. The above equation simplifies to:

ab+cd=bc+adabad+cdbc=0a(bd)c(bd)=0(ac)(bd)=0\begin{aligned} ab + cd = bc + ad \\ab-ad+cd-bc=0 \\a(b-d)-c(b-d)=0 \\(a-c)(b-d)=0 \end{aligned} From here, we see that a=ca=c or b=db=d. Without loss of generality, let a=ca=c. Since triangles ABPABP and CDPCDP are obviously not congruent, we see that one triangle is obtuse and the other one is acute.(Refer to the diagram) However, if we drop perpendiculars from BB to ACAC and DD to ACAC, we do get congruent triangles. If the foot of the perpendicular from BB is MM, and the foot of the perpendicular from DD is NN, then right triangle BMPBMP is congruent to right triangle DNPDNP. From here, we see that the altitudes of triangles ABCABC and ADCADC to ACAC are equal. Since they share base ACAC, their areas are equal. We can use Heron's formula. To not have any fractions, let AC=2x.AC=2x.

(12+x)(12x)(x+2)(x2)=5+65+x)(5+65x)(565+x)(655+x)\begin{aligned} \sqrt{(12+x)(12-x)(x+2)(x-2)}=\sqrt{5+\sqrt{65}+x)(5+\sqrt{65}-x)(5-\sqrt{65}+x)(\sqrt{65}-5+x)} \end{aligned} Even though this looks bad at first, it actually isn't too complicated to simplify. Expanding the differences of squares and simplifying completely, we get x2=32.x^2=32. Plugging this xx back into the Heron's formula, we get that the area of ABCABC(or ADCADC) is 5656. Since these triangles have equal area, the area of the quadrilateral is 2×56=1122 \times 56 = \boxed{112}, and we are done. \blacksquare

~ewei12

Solution 11

AIME diagram

Use any method to derive that PP is the midpoint of AA and CC. Now, either construct a parallelogram with as shown in the diagram to the right, or use law of sines. We will take the parallelogram route here, but the same thing can be done with law of sines on triangles ABP\triangle \textnormal{ABP} and CPD\triangle \textnormal{CPD}. Reflect DD across PP to get DD'. Since CD=AD=AB=10CD = AD' = AB = 10, ABD’\triangle \textnormal{ABD'} is isosceles. Thus, ADB=ABD\angle AD'B = \angle ABD', and because ADCDADCD' is a parallelogram (since AP=PCAP = PC and DP=PDDP = PD'), ADB=BDC=ABD\angle AD'B = \angle BDC = \angle ABD'. So, ABD=180ABD=180BDC\angle ABD = 180 - \angle ABD' = 180 - \angle BDC. Now, apply law of cosines on ABD\triangle \textnormal{ABD} and CDB\triangle \textnormal{CDB}. We get: \begin{align} 100 + BD^2 - 20BD \cos{\angle ABD} &= 100 + BD^2 - 20 BD \cos {(180 - \angle BDC)} = \\ 100 + BD^2 + 20 BD \cos{\angle BDC} &= 260 \\ &\textnormal{and} \\ 100 + BD^2 - 20 BD \cos{\angle BDC} &= 196 \\ \textnormal{summing }&\textnormal{and simplifying,} \\ BD &= 8\sqrt{2} \end{align} Then, applying law of cosines on BCD\triangle \textnormal{BCD} again, we obtain

100+196280cosBCD=BD2=128    cosBCD=35    sinBCD=45100 + 196 - 280 \cos{\angle BCD} = BD^2 = 128 \implies \cos{\angle BCD} = \frac{3}{5} \implies \sin{\angle BCD} = \frac{4}{5} Since AP=PDAP = PD, [ABD]=[BCD]    [ABCD]=[ABD]+[BCD]=2[BCD][ABD] = [BCD] \implies [ABCD] = [ABD] + [BCD] = 2[BCD]. Thus, [ABCD]=2[BCD]=2121014sinBCD=14045=112[ABCD] = 2[BCD] = 2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot 10 \cdot 14 \sin{\angle BCD} = 140 \cdot \frac{4}{5} = \boxed{112}.

~CrazyVideoGamez

Solution 12(LoC Bash)

Let AP=a,CP=b,BP=c,DP=dAP = a, CP = b, BP = c, DP = d. Also, let APB=θ\angle APB = \theta and the other angles will follow by Supplementary Angle Theorem and Vertical Angle Theorem.

Using Law of Cosines we get

a2+d2+2adcos(θ)=260(1)a^2 + d^2 + 2ad\cos(\theta) = 260 \textbf{(1)} b2+c2+2bccos(θ)=196(2)b^2 + c^2 + 2bc\cos(\theta) = 196 \textbf{(2)} a2+c22accos(θ)=100(3)a^2 + c^2 - 2ac\cos(\theta) = 100 \textbf{(3)} b2+d22bdcos(θ)=100(4)b^2 + d^2 - 2bd\cos(\theta) = 100 \textbf{(4)}

By sine area formula

12sin(θ)ac+12sin(θ)bd=12sin(180θ)bc+12sin(180θ)ad    ac+bd=bc+ad    c(ab)=d(ab)    Either a = b or c = d\frac{1}{2} \sin(\theta) ac + \frac{1}{2} \sin(\theta) bd = \frac{1}{2} \sin(180 - \theta) bc + \frac{1}{2} \sin(180 - \theta) ad \implies ac + bd = bc + ad \implies c(a - b) = d(a - b) \implies \text{Either a = b or c = d}

We will assume a=ba = b for this solution.

Now we subtract equations (1) and (2)

a2b2+d2c2+2cos(θ)(adbc)=64a^2 - b^2 + d^2 - c^2 + 2\cos(\theta)(ad - bc) = 64

We also subtract equations (3) and (4)

a2b2+c2d2+2cos(θ)(bdac)=0a^2 - b^2 + c^2 - d^2 + 2\cos(\theta)(bd - ac) = 0

We will add these equations to get

2a22b2+2cos(θ)((dc)(a+b))=642a^2 - 2b^2 + 2\cos(\theta)((d - c)(a + b)) = 64

Then factoring an aba - b out from each of the factors and dividing by 22

(a+b)(ab+cos(θ)(dc))=32(5)(a + b)(a - b + \cos(\theta)(d - c)) = 32 \textbf{(5)}

Now we will subtract equations (1) and (3)

d2c2+2cos(θ)(ac+ad)=160d^2 - c^2 + 2\cos(\theta)(ac + ad) = 160

We will also subtract equations (2) and (4)

c2d2+2cos(θ)(bc+bd)=96c^2 - d^2 + 2\cos(\theta)(bc + bd) = 96

We subtract these equations to get

2d22c2+2cos(θ)(adbcbd+ac)=642d^2 - 2c^2 + 2\cos(\theta)(ad - bc - bd + ac) = 64

Factoring we have

(d+c)(dc+cos(θ)(ab))=32(6)(d + c)(d - c + \cos(\theta)(a - b)) = 32 \textbf{(6)}

Now remember that a=ba = b. So we can plug that in for both equations (5) and (6)

(2a)((dc)cos(θ))=32(2a)((d - c)\cos(\theta)) = 32 (d+c)(dc)=32(d + c)(d - c) = 32

We know dc=16acos(θ)d - c = \frac{16}{a\cos(\theta)} from the first equation and dc=32d+cd - c = \frac{32}{d + c}. Setting them equal and solving for cos(θ)\cos(\theta) gives

cos(θ)=c+d2a\cos(\theta) = \frac{c + d}{2a}

Now we will subtract equations (1) and (4)

a2b2+2cos(θ)(ad+bd)=160a^2 - b^2 + 2\cos(\theta)(ad + bd) = 160

Factoring we have

(a+b)(ab+2dcos(θ))=160(a + b)(a - b + 2d\cos(\theta)) = 160

Substituting a=ba = b we get

(a+b)(2dcos(θ)=160    cos(θ)=80d(a+b)(a + b)(2d\cos(\theta) = 160 \implies \cos(\theta) = \frac{80}{d(a + b)}

Now we will subtract equations (2) and (3)

b2a2+2cos(θ)(bc+ac)=96b^2 - a^2 + 2\cos(\theta)(bc + ac) = 96

Factoring we get

(a+b)(ba+2ccos(θ))=96(a + b)(b - a + 2c\cos(\theta)) = 96

We can substitute a=ba = b to get

(a+b)(2ccos(θ))=96    cos(θ)=48c(a+b)(a + b)(2c\cos(\theta)) = 96 \implies \cos(\theta) = \frac{48}{c(a + b)}

Now setting these two representations of cosines equal, we have

80d=48c\frac{80}{d} = \frac{48}{c} after cancelling the a+ba + b's.

Solving, we have d=5c3d = \frac{5c}{3}.

Note that cos(θ)=c+d2a\cos(\theta) = \frac{c + d}{2a} from earlier. Plugging in d=5c3d = \frac{5c}{3}, we get

cos(θ)=4c3a\cos(\theta) = \frac{4c}{3a}

We have from equation 6

(d+c)(dc+cos(θ)(ab))=32(d + c)(d - c + \cos(\theta)(a - b)) = 32

We can plug in a=ba = b to get

d2c2=32d^2 - c^2 = 32 following difference of squares.

Now d=5c3d = \frac{5c}{3} so we can substitute that in to have

25c299c29=32    16c29=32    c2=18    c=32\frac{25c^2}{9} - \frac{9c^2}{9} = 32 \implies \frac{16c^2}{9} = 32 \implies c^2 = 18 \implies c = 3\sqrt{2} because cc has to be positive as it is a side length.

Now d=5c3=5323=52d = \frac{5c}{3} = \frac{5 \cdot 3\sqrt{2}}{3} = 5\sqrt{2}.

Now from the sine area formula, the area of the quadrilateral is just 12sin(θ)ac+12sin(θ)bd+12sin(180θ)bc+12sin(180θ)ad=12sin(θ)(ac+bd+bc+ad)=12sin(θ)(a+b)(c+d)=sin(θ)a(c+d)\frac{1}{2} \sin(\theta) ac + \frac{1}{2} \sin(\theta) bd + \frac{1}{2} \sin(180 - \theta) bc + \frac{1}{2} \sin(180 - \theta) ad = \frac{1}{2} \sin(\theta)(ac + bd + bc + ad) = \frac{1}{2} \sin(\theta)(a + b)(c + d) = \sin(\theta) \cdot a \cdot (c + d) where the last steps follow from a=ba = b. Now c+d=32+52=82c + d = 3\sqrt{2} + 5\sqrt{2} = 8\sqrt{2}. We need to find aa and sin(θ)\sin(\theta).

We can go back to equation (3) to find aa. We have

a2+c22accos(θ)=100a^2 + c^2 - 2ac\cos(\theta) = 100

Plugging in c=32c = 3\sqrt{2} and cos(θ)=4c3a=4323a=42a\cos(\theta) = \frac{4c}{3a} = \frac{4 \cdot 3\sqrt{2}}{3a} = \frac{4\sqrt{2}}{a} we get

a2+1862a42a=100    a2+1848=100    a2=130a^2 + 18 - 6\sqrt{2} \cdot a \cdot \frac{4\sqrt{2}}{a} = 100 \implies a^2 + 18 - 48 = 100 \implies a^2 = 130

Now sin(θ)=132a2\sin(\theta) = \sqrt{1 - \frac{32}{a^2}} following the Pythagorean Identity. Now a2=130a^2 = 130 so we have

sin(θ)=132130=98130=72130\sin(\theta) = \sqrt{1 - \frac{32}{130}} = \sqrt{\frac{98}{130}} = \frac{7\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{130}}. Hence the answer is

7213082130=7282=562=112\frac{7\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{130}} \cdot 8\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{130} = 7\sqrt{2} \cdot 8\sqrt{2} = 56 \cdot 2 = \boxed{112}.

~ilikemath247365

Solution 13(cheese)

The AD=265AD = 2\sqrt{65} condition motivates us to find right triangles with integer sides and 2652\sqrt{65} as the hypotenuse. Indeed, we have 22+162=2652^2 + 16^2 = 2\sqrt{65}. Furthermore, notice that 1010 is the hypotenuse of a 68106-8-10 right triangle. It follows that quadrilateral ABCDABCD is an 8×228 \times 22 rectangle with triangles of sides 68106-8-10, 2162652-16-2\sqrt{65}, and 68106-8-10 cut out from three of its corners. Thus, the area of ABCDABCD is (8)(22)12((6)(8)+(2)(16)+(6)(8))=122(8)(22) - \frac{1}{2}((6)(8) + (2)(16) + (6)(8)) = \boxed{122}.

Video Solution by MOP 2024

https://youtube.com/watch?v=2BsYR1dJn9c

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