AIME 1995 · 第 13 题

Solution

When $\left(k - \frac {1}{2}\right)^4 \leq n < \left(k + \frac {1}{2}\right)^4$, $f(n) = k$. Thus there are $\left \lfloor \left(k + \frac {1}{2}\right)^4 - \left(k - \frac {1}{2}\right)^4 \right\rfloor$ values of $n$ for which $f(n) = k$. Expanding using the binomial theorem,

$$\begin{aligned} \left(k + \frac {1}{2}\right)^4 - \left(k - \frac {1}{2}\right)^4 &= \left(k^4 + 2k^3 + \frac 32k^2 + \frac 12k + \frac 1{16}\right) - \left(k^4 - 2k^3 + \frac 32k^2 - \frac 12k + \frac 1{16}\right)\\ &= 4k^3 + k. \end{aligned}$$ Thus, $\frac{1}{k}$ appears in the summation $4k^3 + k$ times, and the sum for each $k$ is then $(4k^3 + k) \cdot \frac{1}{k} = 4k^2 + 1$. From $k = 1$ to $k = 6$, we get $\sum_{k=1}^{6} 4k^2 + 1 = 364 + 6 = 370$ (either adding or using the sum of consecutive squares formula).

But this only accounts for $\sum_{k = 1}^{6} (4k^3 + k) = 4\left(\frac{6(6+1)}{2}\right)^2 + \frac{6(6+1)}{2} = 1764 + 21 = 1785$ terms, so we still have $1995 - 1785 = 210$ terms with $f(n) = 7$. This adds $210 \cdot \frac {1}{7} = 30$ to our summation, giving $\boxed{400}$.

Solution 2

This is a pretty easy problem just to bash. Since the max number we can get is $7$, we just need to test $n$ values for $1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5,5.5$ and $6.5$. Then just do how many numbers there are times $\frac{1}{\lfloor n \rfloor}$, which should be $5+17+37+65+101+145+30 = \boxed{400}$