AIME 1984 · 第 12 题

Solution 1

If $f(2+x)=f(2-x)$, then substituting $t=2+x$ gives $f(t)=f(4-t)$. Similarly, $f(t)=f(14-t)$. In particular,

$$f(t)=f(14-t)=f(14-(4-t))=f(t+10)$$ Since $0$ is a root, all multiples of $10$ are roots, and anything congruent to $4\pmod{10}$ are also roots. To see that these may be the only integer roots, observe that the function

$$f(x) = \sin \frac{\pi x}{10}\sin \frac{\pi (x-4)}{10}$$ satisfies the conditions and has no other roots.

In the interval $-1000\leq x\leq 1000$, there are $201$ multiples of $10$ and $200$ numbers that are congruent to $4 \pmod{10}$, therefore the minimum number of roots is $\boxed{401}$.

Solution 2 (non-rigorous)

We notice that the function has reflectional symmetry across both $x=2$ and $x=7$. We also use the fact that $x=0$ is a root. This shows that $x=4$ and $x=14$ are also roots. We then apply the reflection across the other axis to form $x=\pm 10$ as roots. Continuing this shows that the roots are $0 \mod 10$ or $4 \mod 10$. There are 200 positive roots and 200 negative roots. 0 is also a root, and adding these gives a result of $\boxed{401}$. $QED \blacksquare$

Solution by a1b2

Solution 3

Since this is a recursive problem, list out the functions f(2) and f(7) and figure out what is equivalent with them. Then find the x values for the functions that are equal to f(2) and f(7). You will notice that it starts at x=0, then it goes to x=5, x=10, etc... each f() has two possible x values, but we are only counting the total number of x values so ignore the double counted values. This means that $x = 0, \pm 5, \pm 10, \pm 15... \pm 1000$ so the answer is 400 + 1 = $\boxed{401}$

Solution 4

Let $z$ be an arbitrary zero. If $z=2-x$, then $x=2-z$ and $2+x=4-z$. Repeat with other equation to find if $z$ is a zero then so are $4-z$ and $14-z$. From $0$, we get $4$ and $14$. Now note that applying either of these twice will return $z$, so we must apply them in an alternating fashion for distinct roots. Doing so to $4$ and $14$ returns $10$ and $-10$, respectively. A pattern will emerge of each path hitting a multiple of $10$ after $2$ moves. Hence, we will reach $\pm 1000$ after $200$ jumps in either direction. Including zero, there are $2\cdot200+1=\boxed{401}$

~N828335