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重复掷骰

5 followed by 5 and by 6

专题
Probability / 概率
难度
L6

题目详情

反复掷一枚公平六面骰。问:模式“先掷出 5 再紧接着掷出 6”(记作 56)与模式“先掷出 5 再紧接着掷出 5”(记作 55)相比,哪个的期望出现时间更早?还是一样?

英文原题

When rolling a fair die repeatedly, is the pattern “5 followed by 6” expected to occur before “5 followed by 5,” or vice versa?

解析

对长度为 2 的模式:

  • 若两位不同(如 56),期望等待时间为 62=366^2=36
  • 若两位相同(如 55),因为存在自重叠,期望等待时间更长,为 62+6=426^2+6=42

因此 56 的期望出现时间更早(36 < 42)。


英文解析

For a pattern of length 2:

  • If they are different (e.g. 56), the expected wait time is 62=366^2=36.
  • If the two digits are the same (e.g. 55), the expected wait time is longer due to self-overlap, which is 62+6=426^2+6=42.

Therefore, the expectation of 56 appears earlier (36 < 42).